effect of neutral oligosaccharides on reducing the incidence of necrotizing

Necrotizing enterocolitis [NEC] is one of the most destructive diseases associated with conditions of neonatal prematurity. Supplementation with enteral prebiotics may reduce the incidence of NEC, especially in infants who fed exclusively with breast-milk. Therefore, we compared the efficacy and safety of enteral supplementation of a prebiotic mixture [short chain galacto-oligosaccharides/long chain fructooligosaccharides [SCGOS/LCFOS]] versus no intervention on incidence of NEC in preterm infants. In a single-center randomized control trial 75 preterm infants [birth weight [BW]

Suprapubic bladder aspiration or urethral catheterization: which is more painful in uncircumcised male newborns?

The aim was to compare the intensity of pain caused by Suprapubic aspiration [SPA] and urethral Catheterization for urine sampling in premature infants. A prospective randomized controlled design with 80 premature infants in Alzahra University Hospital, Isfahan, Iran was conducted. Premature newborns who needed urine samples for microbiologic analysis were randomly assigned into two groups: SPA group and urethral Catheterization group. Newborn faces and upper parts of the body were videotaped during the study and the pain was assessed during urine collection using Premature Infant Pain Profile [PIPP] score. Furthermore, crying time compared between groups. The mean crying time was significantly higher in SPA than urethral Catheterization group [77 vs. 34.4 s] [P < 0.001]. The PIPP score was significantly lower in urethral Catheterization group [13.4] than SPA group [11.5] P < 0.001. The success rate of SPA was 53% compared with 71% success rate of urethral Catheterization. SPA is more painful than urethral Catheterization in premature male infants as assessed by PIPP score and is more likely leads to procedure failure

comparison between the effect of fluorescent lamps and quartz halogen incandescent filament lamps on the treatment of hyperbilirobinemia in newborns with the gestational age of 35 weeks or more

Icter is the most prevalent disease in newborns. Although most of the newborns affiliated with this seem healthy in other aspects, there is always a fear for toxic complication of indirect hyperbilirobinemia in the central nervous system. Nowadays phototherapy is the method of decreasing [or avoidance of increase] of total serum bilirobin [TSB] and it is also used widely in neonatal health care centers according to the availably of equipment, but without any defined standard. In this study, two light sources, quarts halogen incandescent filament lamp [QHIFL] and fluorescent lamp [FL] are compared with each other to find out which method is more useful and efficient. This study is a randomized controlled trial done on 25 newborns with gestational age of 35 weeks or more, with newborn's icter in the 1[st] week after birth, at Isfahan Behesti Hospital, February 2012 to March 2013. A group of these newborns was treated with FL and the other with QHIFL and they all were controlled and tested according to their level of TSB at the beginning of phototherapy, at 8[th], 12[th], and 24[th] of treatment and at discharge. The data from the study was analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics Version 21. According to the findings, the level of TSB before and 8 h after the intervention had no significant difference among the groups. However, at 16[th] and 24[th] h of treatment, the TSB level was lower in the FL group and this difference was meaningful [P = 0.002 and P = 0.013 respectively]. Furthermore the duration of the treatment was significantly shorter in FL group meaningfully [P = 0.047]. According to the findings of this study, the technology used in QHIFL cannot show the capabilities of the FLs. However, more studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study are universal

Comparison outcome of surfactant administration via tracheal catheterization during spontaneous breathing with insure

Surfactant administration via thin endotracheal catheter [Tec] seems to be less invasive than InSurE method. We analyzed data obtained from multicenter hospitals. This multi center randomized clinical trial study was conducted concomitant within NICU of three university hospitals of Tabriz, Isfahan and Mashhad for a period of 20 months on neonates with gestational age of 27-32 weeks. All infants received nCPAP before administration of surfactant. If we required fio2> 30%to maintain spo2 >85% then surfactant was administered. A 5f vascular catheter was placed through 1 to 2 cm below the vocal cords and surfactant was administrated slowly. Mean gestational age in TEC was 29.6 weeks and in InSurE was the same. Mean weight in TEC was 1339 grams and in InSurE was 1304 gram. Surfactant was administered to 66preterm via TEC method and to 70 infant via InSurE. Mortality in TEC group was significantly lower than InSurE. P<0.01RR=0.56, CI, 95[0.42-0.76]. NEC reduced in TEC. CPAP duration decreased in two centers, p<.05 but increased in another center. Fio2 decreased rapidly and HCO3 increased 2 hours after surfactant P<0.03 in TEC. The average mean of Oxygen supplementation, BPD, Mechanical ventilation between two groups was not statistically significant. TEC method was effective in treating RDS. Mortality was significantly decreased in TEC group. As TEC procedure is a new method of surfactant administration and there are few studies about it, so it is too early to be certain about all aspects of this procedure